Biogeography
Biosphere reserves in India
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âž§Type- Western Himalayas
Biosphere reserves in India
Thursday, August 24, 2017
The total number of Biosphere reserves in India is 18. The World Network of Biosphere Reserves of the MAB Programme consists of a dynamic and interactive network of sites of excellence.
There are 669 biosphere reserves in 120 countries, including 20 transboundary sites. Biosphere reserves are areas comprising terrestrial, marine and coastal ecosystems. The first biosphere reserve of the world was established in 1979.
âž½ List of biosphere reserves by regions
1. Africa: 75 biosphere reserves in 28 countries
2. Arab States: 31 biosphere reserves in 11 countries
3. Asia and the Pacific: 147 biosphere reserves in 24 countries
4. Europe & North America: 287 biosphere reserves in 36 countries
5. Latin America and the Caribbean: 129 biosphere reserves in 21 countries
âž½ Zones in Biosphere Reserve
Biosphere reserves have three interrelated zones that aim to fulfill three complementary and mutually reinforcing functions:
➥ The core area(s) comprises a strictly protected ecosystem that contributes to the conservation of landscapes, ecosystems, species and genetic variation.
➥ The buffer zone surrounds or adjoins the core areas, and is used for activities compatible with sound ecological practices that can reinforce scientific research, monitoring, training, and education.
➥ The transition area is the part of the reserve where the greatest activity is allowed, fostering economic and human development that is socio-culturally and ecologically sustainable.
List of Biosphere Reserves of India
1. Cold Desert
âž§Date of Notification-28.08.2009
âž§Area (In Km2)- 7770
âž§Location- Pin Valley National Park and surroundings; Chandratal and Sarchu&Kibber Wildlife âž§Sanctuary in Himachal Pradesh.
âž§Key Fauna- Snow Leopard
2 Nanda Devi
âž§Date of Notification-18.01.1988
âž§Area (In Km2)- 5860.69 (Core 712.12, Buffer 5,148.570) & T. 546.34)
âž§Type- Western Himalayas
âž§Location- Part of Chamoli, Pithoragarh, and Bageshwar districts (Uttarakhand).
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Biosphere reserves in India |
3. Khangchendzonga
âž§Date of Notification-07.02.2000
âž§Area (In Km2)- 2619.92 (Core 1819.34 & Buffer 835.92)
âž§Type- East Himalayas
âž§Location- Parts of Khangchendzonga hills and Sikkim.
âž§Key Fauna- Snow Leopard, Red Panda
4. Dehang-Dibang
âž§Date of Notification-02.09.1998
âž§Area (In Km2)- 5111.50 (Core 4094.80 &Buffer 1016.70)
âž§Type- Eastern Himalaya
âž§Location- Part of Siang and Dibang Valley in Arunachal Pradesh.
5. Manas
âž§Date of Notification-14.03.1989
âž§Area (In Km2)- 2837 (Core 391 & Buffer 2,446)
âž§Type- East Himalayas
âž§Location- Part of Kokrajhar, Bongaigaon, Barpeta, Nalbari, Kamprup and Darang districts (Assam).
âž§Key Fauna- Golden Langur, Red Panda
6. Nokrek
âž§Date of Notification-01.09.1988
âž§Area (In Km2)- 820 (Core 47.48 & Buffer 227.92, Transition Zone 544.60)
âž§Type- East Himalayas
âž§Location- Part of Garo hills (Meghalaya).
âž§Key Fauna- Red Panda
7. Dibru-Saikhowa
âž§Date of Notification-28.07.1997
âž§Area (In Km2)- 765 (Core 340 & Buffer 425)
âž§Type- East Himalayas
âž§Location- Part of Dibrugarh and Tinsukia Districts (Assam).
âž§Key Fauna- Golden Langur
8. Panna
âž§Date of Notification- 25.08.2011
âž§Area (In Km2)- 2998.98
âž§Type- Ken River
âž§Location- Part of Panna and Chhattarpur districts in Madhya Pradesh.
âž§Key Fauna- Tiger, Chital, Chinkara, Sambhar and Sloth bear
9. Kachchh
âž§Date of Notification-29.01.2008
âž§Area (In Km2)- 12,454 km2
âž§Type- Desert
âž§Location- Part of Kachchh, Rajkot, Surendra Nagar and Patan Civil Districts of Gujarat State.
âž§Key Fauna- Indian Wild Ass
10. Pachmarhi
âž§Date of Notification-03.03.1999
âž§Area (In Km2)- 4926
âž§Type- Semi-Arid
âž§Location- Parts of Betul, Hoshangabad and Chindwara districts of Madhya Pradesh.
âž§Key Fauna- Giant Squirrel, Flying Squirrel
11. Achanakamar – Amarkantak
âž§Date of Notification-30.3.2005
âž§Area (In Km2)- 3835.51 (Core 551.55 & Buffer 3283.86)
âž§Type- Maikala Hills
âž§Location- Covers parts of Anupur and Dindori districts of M.P. and parts of Bilaspur districts of Chhattisgarh State.
12. Sunderbans
âž§Date of Notification-29.03.1989
âž§Area (In Km2)- 9630 (Core 1700 & Buffer 7900)
âž§Type- Gangetic Delta
âž§Location- Part of the delta of Ganges and Brahmaputra river system (West Bengal).
âž§Key Fauna- Royal Bengal Tiger
13. Simlipal
âž§Date of Notification-21.06.1994
âž§Area (In Km2)- 4374 (Core 845, Buffer 2129 & Transition 1400
âž§Type- Deccan Peninsula
âž§Location- Part of Mayurbhanj district (Orissa).
âž§Key Fauna- Gaur, Royal Bengal Tiger, Wild elephant
14. Seshachalam Hills
âž§Date of Notification-20.09.2010
âž§Area (In Km2)- 4755.997
âž§Type- Eastern Ghats
âž§Location- Seshachalam Hill Ranges covering parts of Chittoor and Kadapa districts of Andhra Pradesh.
15. Nilgiri
âž§Date of Notification-01.09.1986
âž§Area (In Km2)- 5520 (Core 1240 & Buffer 4280)
âž§Type- Western Ghats
âž§Location- Part of Wayanad, Nagarhole, Bandipur and Madumalai, Nilambur, Silent Valley and âž§Siruvani hills (Tamil Nadu, Kerala, and Karnataka).
âž§Key Fauna- Nilgiri Tahr, Lion-tailed macaque
16. Agasthyamalai
âž§Date of Notification-12.11.2001
âž§Area (In Km2)- 1828
âž§Type- Western Ghats
âž§Location- Neyyar, Peppara and Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuaries and their adjoining areas in Kerala.
âž§Key Fauna- Nilgiri Tahr, Elephants
17. Gulf of Mannar
âž§Date of Notification-18.02.1989
âž§Area (In Km2)- 10,500 km2 Total Gulf area (area of Islands 5.55 km2)
âž§Type- Coasts
âž§Location- Indian part of Gulf of Mannar between India and Sri Lanka (Tamil Nadu).
âž§Key Fauna- Dugong or Sea Cow
18. Great Nicobar
âž§Date of Notification-06.01.1989
âž§Area (In Km2)- 885 (Core 705 & Buffer 180)
âž§Type- Islands
âž§Location- Southern most islands of Andaman And Nicobar (A&N Islands).
âž§Key Fauna- Saltwater Crocodile
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