List of 49 Landlocked Countries Name, Types of Landlocked Countries

What is landlocked Country?

A country is considered landlocked when it is surrounded on all sides by one or more other countries and therefore has no direct access to a coastline providing access to the oceans. Landlocked countries are independent nations that are entirely surrounded by land or whose shorelines are on closed seas.

Some of these nations may have coastlines, but these are only on closed seas. Rivers might run through a portion of the region, and there can be bodies of water within the country’s borders, but each and every border is land-based, rather than water like an ocean shore.

How Many Countries are Landlocked?

Approximately one-fifth of the world's countries are landlocked, meaning they have no access to the oceans. There are currently 49 countries (including five partially recognized states) that are completely surrounded by at least one other country. 

Disadvantages landlocked Country-

Being landlocked has many disadvantages. Some landlocked countries rank among the poorest in the world.

• ·        landlocked countries that do not have direct access to an ocean or ocean-accessible sea (such as the Mediterranean Sea)
• ·        High transportation and transit costs because of a lack of access to ports.
• ·        Lack of access to fishing and Sea food sources.
• ·        Military limitations because of the lack of naval options.

Types of Landlock Countries-

There are two types of Landlock Countries, these are-

1. 1.     Landlocked by a Single Country

Single Landlock country are those that are completely landlocked or surrounded on all sides by only one single country. There are three single landlock countries in the world.

(i)               San Marino - Surrounded by Italy

(ii)             Vatican City - Surrounded by Rome, the capitol city of Italy. and

(iii)          Lesotho - surrounded by South Africa.

Countries that are landlocked by a single country are known as enclave countries.

1. 2.     Double-Landlocked Countries

A country is "doubly landlocked" or "double-landlocked" when it is surrounded only by landlocked countries (requiring the crossing of at least two national borders to reach a coastline). There are two such countries:

(i)               Liechtenstein in Central Europe, surrounded by Switzerland and Austria.

(ii)             Uzbekistan located in central Asia, which is surrounded by the landlocked countries of Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan.

There are two De facto states with limited or no international recognition: South Ossetia and Transnistria.

Disputed Regions that Are Landlocked

Four regions that are not fully recognized as independent countries are landlocked: Kosovo, Nagorno-Karabakh, South Ossetia, and Transnistria.

What is “De Facto/De Jure”?

De facto means a state of affairs that is true in fact, but that is not officially sanctioned. In contrast, de jure means a state of affairs that is in accordance with law (i.e. that is officially sanctioned).

What Is the Largest Landlocked Country?

The largest landlocked country is Kazakhstan in Central Asia. It's 1.03 million square miles (2.67 million km2) and is bordered by Russia, China, the Kyrgyz Republic, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, and the landlocked Caspian Sea.

What Is the Smallest Landlocked Country?

The smallest landlocked the country is the city-state of Vatican City with an area of just 44 hectares (109 acres).

Which Continents Have No Landlocked-Countries?

North America has no landlocked countries, and Australia is rather obviously not landlocked. Within the United States, over half of the 50 states are landlocked with no direct access to the world's oceans. Many states, however, do have water access to the oceans via the Hudson Bay, Chesapeake Bay, or Mississippi River.

Landlocked Countries in South America

South America has just two landlocked countries: Bolivia and Paraguay.

Landlocked Countries in Europe

There are 17 landlocked countries in Europe: Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Belarus, Kosovo, Czech Republic, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Moldova, San Marino, Serbia, Slovakia, Switzerland, and Vatican City.

Landlocked Countries in Africa

Africa has 16 landlocked countries: Botswana, Burundi, Burkina Faso, Central African Republic, Chad, Ethiopia, Lesotho, Malawi, Mali, Niger, Rwanda, South Sudan, Swaziland, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Lesotho is unusual in that it is landlocked by just one country (South Africa).

Landlocked Countries in Asia

Asia has 12 landlocked countries: Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bhutan, Laos, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Nepal, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. Note that several of the countries in western Asia border the landlocked Caspian Sea, a feature that does open some transit and trade opportunities.

List of 49 Landlocked Countries

Country or Territory	Area(km2)		Surrounding countries	Number of Surrounding Countries
Afghanistan		652,230	Iran, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, China, Pakistan		6
Andorra		468	France, Spain		2
Armenia[e]		29,743	Iran, Turkey, Georgia, Azerbaijan		4
Austria		83,871	Germany, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Slovenia, Italy, Liechtenstein, Switzerland		8
Azerbaijan[a]		86,600	Russia, Georgia, Armenia, Iran, Turkey		4
Belarus		207,600	Poland, Lithuania, Russia, Ukraine, Latvia		5
Bhutan		38,394	India, China		2
Bolivia		1,098,581	Peru, Brazil, Chile, Argentina, Paraguay		5
Botswana		582,000	Namibia, Zambia, Zimbabwe, South Africa		4
Burkina Faso		274,222	Mali, Niger, Benin, Togo, Ghana, Ivory Coast		6
Burundi		27,834	Rwanda, Tanzania, Democratic Republic of the Congo		3
Central African Republic		622,984	Chad, Cameroon, Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Sudan, South Sudan		6
Chad		1,284,000	Libya, Niger, Sudan, Central African Republic, Nigeria, Cameroon		6
Czech Republic		78,867	Austria, Germany, Poland, Slovakia		4
Ethiopia		1,104,300	Djibouti, Eritrea, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan		6
Hungary		93,028	Austria, Croatia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Ukraine		7
Kazakhstan[a]		2,724,900	China, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan		5
Kosovo[c]		10,908	Albania, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia		4
Kyrgyzstan		199,951	China, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan		4
Laos		236,800	Myanmar, China, Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand		5
Lesotho[d]		30,355	South Africa		1
Liechtenstein		160	Switzerland, Austria		2
Luxembourg		2,586	Belgium, Germany, France		3
Macedonia (F.Y.R.O.M.)		25,713	Kosovo, Serbia, Bulgaria, Greece, Albania		5
Malawi		118,484	Zambia, Tanzania, Mozambique		3
Mali		1,240,192	Algeria, Niger, Burkina Faso, Ivory Coast, Guinea, Senegal, Mauritania		7
Moldova		33,846	Romania, Ukraine		2
Mongolia		1,566,500	China, Russia		2
Artsakh[c]		11,458	Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran		3
Nepal		147,181	China, India		2
Niger		1,267,000	Libya, Chad, Nigeria, Benin, Burkina Faso, Mali, Algeria		7
Paraguay		406,752	Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia		3
Rwanda		26,338	Uganda, Tanzania, Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo		4
San Marino[d]		61	Italy		1
Serbia		88,361	Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Macedonia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Albania(via Kosovo and Metohija[c])		8
Slovakia		49,035	Austria, Czech Republic, Poland, Ukraine, Hungary		5
South Ossetia[c]		3,900	Georgia, Russia		2
South Sudan		619,745	Sudan, Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Central African Republic		6
Swaziland		17,364	Mozambique, South Africa		2
Switzerland		41,284	France, Germany, Liechtenstein, Austria, Italy		5
Tajikistan		143,100	Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, China		4
Transnistria[c]		4,163	Moldova, Ukraine		2
Turkmenistan[a]		488,100	Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, Iran		4
Uganda		241,038	Kenya, South Sudan, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Tanzania		5
Uzbekistan		449,100	Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan		5
Vatican City[d]		0.44	Italy		1
West Bank[b][c]		5,655	Israel, Jordan		2
Zambia		752,612	The Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tanzania, Malawi, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Botswana, Namibia, Angola		8
Zimbabwe		390,757	South Africa, Botswana, Zambia, Mozambique		4

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